The first of two required courses leading to a middle childhood extension certification. Course topics include the rationale, philosophy, and foundations for middle schools; sociocultural influences on middle level schooling and students; developmental aspects of young adolescents and their needs for personalization and community; restructuring, block scheduling, and departmentalization; small communities of learning, teaming concepts and instructional delivery through teaming; advisories; gender and diversity issues; integrated curriculum development; community service learning; new New York standards and assessments at the middle school level.

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